Happy Paws 101: Dog Behaviour Basics

Image by Jamie Street

Dogs have rightly earned the reputation of man’s best friend. They can love unconditionally, they never judge us, and they are unwaveringly loyal. When bringing home your new paw-tner in crime, it’s important to remember that dogs communicate, just like we do. Since they can’t use words, we need to understand how they talk to us through body language and behaviour. 

Understanding dog behaviour is essential to ensure you can build a paw-some relationship with them. So, let’s ‘dig in’ to   all things dog behaviour. From behaviour triggers to the importance of understanding behaviour; you’ll learn some dog-tastic new information to help when bonding with your new furry family member.  

What influences dog behaviour? 

There are many environmental and genetic factors that can influence a dog’s behaviour. Factors can include: 

• Breed 

• Age 

• Past experiences 

• Inherited traits 

Breed 

Certain breeds of dogs tend to behave in specific ways. You may have noticed that some small dogs can be feisty while some big dogs can be gentle. For example, Labrador Retrievers are typically very hyperactive and friendly, which is why they make great service animals.  

Age 

Age can also affect a dog’s behaviour. Puppies will generally be full of energy and always want to play, while an older dog may be slower and sleepier. Puppies can be a lot of work, as you may need to help teach them basic skills like toilet training, something to consider if you are thinking of getting a puppy. 

Past experiences 

If a dog has come from a difficult home or background, it can significantly affect how it behaves. It may be afraid of humans, poorly socialised or both. Other past experiences can affect a dog’s behaviour, such as the effect of other puppies in the litter and the amount of human contact it has had prior to meeting you. 

Inherited traits 

Several dog studies have shown that behaviour can be inherited by parents, to some degree. For instance, if a puppy is born to two shy parents, this may result in it being a shy dog too.  

Common dog behaviours 

Every dog is different, but knowing and understanding some common behaviours can prepare you for life with a dog. Below are 5 common dog behaviours and why your dog may do them. 

Barking 

Barking is a natural form of communication for dogs. Whether they are trying to warn you of something (for example, that someone is at the door), are trying to get your attention or are simply excited – barking may be the only way they know how to communicate these things to you.  

Tail wagging 

Unlike cats, tail wagging is usually a sign that your dog is happy and friendly. The speed and direction of the tail wag can give you a clear understanding of your dog’s mood. Generally, a fast wag means your dog is excited, while a slow wag with the tail held low can indicate fear or anxiety. 

Licking 

Dogs may lick you as a sign of affection, but they may also lick you to show submission, get your attention, or because you have something salty/tasty on your hands! 

Digging 

Unfortunately for your garden, digging is a natural instinct for dogs, especially with breeds like terriers bred to hunt. Some dogs may also dig if they are bored or anxious. If it’s a scorching hot day, your dog may dig holes to lie in to escape the heat.  

Chewing 

A ‘paw-tentially’ destructive behaviour for your shoes, chewing is a natural behaviour for dogs as it keeps their teeth clean, and their minds occupied. Particularly when they are puppies, having plenty of chew toys can keep your furry friend entertained and prevent destructive chewing.  

Benefits of understanding dog behaviours 

Understanding your dog has a plethora of benefits. Not only will it deepen the bond between you both, but it can also ‘paw-sitively’ impact your dog’s overall health and well-being.  

Clear communication 

By understanding your fur-riend's behaviour, you’ll pick up on their cues and can communicate with them effectively. Whether their tail is wagging or they’re barking to alert you to danger; you can figure out what they are trying to tell you and respond accordingly. This understanding, in turn, can increase your bond with your pup.  

Improved training outcomes 

You may find training is easier and more effective when you understand your dog. When you know what motivates your dog or stresses your dog out, you can plan accordingly and tailor your training to their unique personality and needs. For example, if your dog is very food-driven, you can integrate this focus into your training. Or if they don’t like loud noises or foreign places, you can ensure you are training them in a quiet, familiar environment and tackle this trigger at a slow pace for them.  

Improved health and wellbeing 

Understanding your dog’s behaviour can improve its overall health and wellbeing. You’ll be better equipped to recognise when they’re feeling stressed or anxious; by responding to their distress signals, you can help them feel relaxed and secure. When you understand your dog’s usual behaviours, you’ll be able to spot differences that may hint that they are in pain or feeling sick.  

Paw-fect Points 

Key takeaways from this article: 

• A dog’s breed, age, past experiences and inherited traits can influence a dog’s behaviour. 

• Common dog behaviours include barking, tail wagging, licking, digging, and chewing. 

• The benefits of understanding dog behaviours include clear communication, improved training outcomes and improved health and well-being.